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Sonchus asper
''Sonchus asper'', the prickly sow-thistle, spiny sowthistle, sharp-fringed sow thistle, or spiny-leaved sow thistle, is a widespread plant in the dandelion tribe within the daisy family.
''Sonchus asper'' is an annual or biennial herb sometimes reaching a height of 200 cm (almost 7 feet). with spiny leaves and yellow flowers resembling those of the dandelion. The leaves are bluish-green, simple, lanceolate, with wavy and sometimes lobed margins, covered in spines on both the margins and beneath. The base of the leaf surrounds the stem. The leaves and stems emit a milky sap when cut. One plant will produce several flat-topped arrays of flower heads, each head containing numerous yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.〔(Flora of North America, ''Sonchus asper'' (Linnaeus) Hill, 1769. Spiny-leaf sow-thistle, laiteron rude )〕〔(Flora of China, ''Sonchus asper'' (Linnaeus) Hill, 1769. 花叶滇苦菜 hua ye dian ku cai )〕
''Sonchus asper'' is native to Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. It has also become naturalized on other continents and is regarded as a noxious, invasive weed in many places. Its edible leaves make a palatable and nutritious leaf vegetable.〔(Altervista Flora Italiana, ''Sonchus asper'' (L.) Hill ) includes photos and European distribution map〕〔De la Barra, N. 1997. Reconstrucción y Evolución del Paisaje Vegetal Autóctono de la Zona Urbana y Peri-urbana de la Ciudad de Cochabamba i–v, 1–174. Tesis, Universidad Mayor San Simón, Cochabamba〕〔Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Botany 42: 1–157〕〔Humbert, H. 1923. Les Composées de Madagascar. Mémoires de la Société Linnéenne de Normandie 25: 1–335. 〕〔(Atlas of Living Australia )〕
==References==
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